Unconscious Dog
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Intervention for Choking in an Unconscious Dog: External Extraction Technique (XXT)
The eXternal eXtraction Technique (XXT) is a safer, more effective intervention for choking in an unconscious dog. Fortunately, complete airway obstruction is uncommon, but it is frequently fatal during training or play sessions. Working dogs or pets with a intense focus on ball rewards are particularly at high risk.
Video Procedure Demonstration
[ ! ] XXT is indicated for:
➤ Full airway obstruction
➤ Ball or similar object hazard
➤ Unconscious patient ONLY
Procedure Steps
1. Patient Positioning
Place the unconscious dog on his back, braced against the floor. Straddle the dog, adjusting yourself based on its size. Position the head in an “in-line position” with the airway parallel to the floor.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Robin Van Metre
2. Finger Placement & Landmarks
Identify landmarks: trachea (ringed tube), ball location, and mandible (V-shaped jawbone). Form an open diamond shape with your hands. Place your thumbs on either side of the trachea below the ball or object. Grip the “V” of the jaw using the lip/cheek to protect your fingers.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Robin Van Metre
3. J-Stroke Push
Push firmly with a “J-stroke” motion down and outward against the ball until it is ejected from the mouth.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Robin Van Metre
4. Rescue Breaths: Provide two rescue breaths.
5. Resuscitation: If the patient still does not respond, immediately begin CPR.
Prevention & Safety
Choking on a ball or similar object can be prevented by adequate safety precautions. Always evaluate toy size and shape prior to offering them to your pet. Inspect balls and Kongs regularly for cracks, damage, or wear. Active supervision is strongly recommended for balls, Kongs, and chews to mitigate risk. (Jo-Anne Brenner EMT-I, KaLee Pasek DVM, Police K9 Magazine)
Technique Authors & VIN Emergency Consultants
Source: Veterinary Partner (VIN) – Document #8871225
First Aid Resources:
