Shock – First Aid
Daily LifeElderlyEmergenciesFirst AidInstructions for UseLife StagesPreventionProducts infoPuppies & Kittens
Shock: First Aid
Shock is a condition resulting from a depressed state of many vital body functions caused by a lack of effective circulation. It refers to an inadequate supply of oxygen to the tissues. Regardless of the cause, shock is life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.
Shock and the Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system functions like a closed circuit: a pump (the heart), tubing (blood vessels), and a fluid (blood). Any malfunction that decreases oxygen delivery or accumulates waste leads to a state of shock.
Main causes: Trauma (accidents, animal fights), poisoning, insect stings, severe dehydration (vomiting/diarrhea), burns, or heart failure.
Circulatory system (Illustration by Isaac Mayo)
[ ! ] Signs of Shock
- Early Signs
– Pet may be excited, anxious, or subdued.
– Rapid heart rate, pulse not difficult to find.
– Gums may be normal or pale.
- Late Signs (Critical Stage)
– Gums are extremely pale or show bluish discoloration.
– Pulse will be weak and difficult or impossible to locate.
– Body feels cold to the touch, low body temperature.
– Abnormal breathing, glazed eyes, deteriorating mental state.
What to Do
– Body warmth: Cover the patient with blankets to prevent heat loss.
– Breathing & Bleeding: Ensure adequate breathing and stop any active bleeding.
– Protection: Gently immobilize the pet and protect obvious fractures.
– Emergency transport: Transport immediately to a veterinary facility.
Cover the patient to prevent body heat loss
[ ! ] What NOT to Do
➤ DO NOT pour water: Risk of inhalation into the lungs.
➤ DO NOT give medications: No pain relievers without veterinary advice.
➤ DO NOT encourage walking: Carry the pet to prevent worsening internal bleeding.
➤ DO NOT hesitate: Every minute counts to save the animal.
Roger Gfeller, DVM, DACVECC ; Michael Thomas, DMV ; Isaac Mayo ; VIN Emergency Consultants
Source: Veterinary Partner (VIN)
First Aid Resources
